How to maintain a good credit
history
How you handle your credit cards and other loans affects
your creditworthiness. Remember to use your credit responsibly
and be sensitive to the terms of the payment agreements
you made when you established your accounts. Whether you
choose to pay the total outstanding balance on your bills
each month or just the minimum payment due, your payment
must reach the financial institution or business by the
payment due date. Your payment due date is typically within
two or three days of the same time every month. If that
time of the month is not convenient because it doesn't
coincide with your paychecks, contact the creditor to
see if your billing cycle can be changed. Or, adjust your
budget accordingly.
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8 Steps to improve your credit
1. Pay Your Bills on Time
Make it your personal goal to pay your credit
and other obligations on time and for the required amount
each month.
Debt obligations will include:
- credit card charges- loan payments- rent
or mortgage payments- utility bills- service or product
bills- taxes, etc.
Take advantage of automatic payments and other online
bill payment options offered by lenders and credit card
issuers. This will ensure timely payments each and every
month.
If you forget to make a payment, act promptly on any notices
of non or late payment. Call the bill servicer to notify
them that your payment will be sent immediately. If you
act fast enough, this negative infraction may not be reported
to credit agencies.
Make sure you do not ignore any creditor notices of non-payment.
Contact the creditor to fix the problem as soon as possible.
Even if you have already incurred penalties, you may be
able to get the creditor to remove or correct these issues.
2. Build Strong Payment Patterns
Adverse conditions such as late or non-payments are
two of the most common items reported to credit agencies.
You can start building strong payment patterns by making
on-time payments each and every month.
Your credit report will also list all open credit cards
and loans, listing the amount borrowed and the amount
owned on the account. Your objective is to build a pattern
where you payoff large credit card balances in full
each month. This pattern conveys a sense of responsibility
for your debt obligations.
Another way you can build strong payment patterns is
by charging everyday living expenses on your credit
card, deducting the charge from your checking / savings
account, and then paying off the monthly credit card
charge in full each month.
Important Note: Please follow these rules before
you use this method:
- You must set aside funds for every credit card
purchase you make
- You must pay your credit card balance in full each
month
- You must have an existing credit line or home equity
line (with lower interest rate) to finance large ticket
items-- never finance purchases with your credit cards.
3. Maintain only a Few Credit Cards
As your credit rating improves, you will soon
receive pre-approved offers from credit card companies
and lenders with attractive rates and programs. You should
limit your credit to 3-4 cards maximum. Maintaining a
large collection of cards can hurt your credit rating.
4. Close All Retail and Gas Cards
Since you maintain 3-4 credit cards (VISA,
MasterCard, Discover, American Express, or other), it
isn't necessary to hold onto gasoline cards, retail store
cards, and other specialized credit cards. Again, holding
multiple cards can drag down your credit score.
5. Don't Have Too Many Outstanding Loans
Excessive loan balances (especially loans that
exceed your Debt-to-Income ratios) can effect your credit
rating. Maintaining a good credit rating requires that
you reduce your debt holdings by consolidating balances,
closing unused credit card accounts, and paying off outstanding
loan.
6. Avoid Charging Close to Your Credit Line Limit
Using your credit up to your maximum credit
line balance can impact your credit rating. Maximized
credit lines (including home equity lines, credit cards
and unsecured credit lines) indicate that you are a consumer
who borrows willingly. Many lenders consider this a great
risk and may not approve you for additional credit. A
good rule to follow is to keep your balances at or below
60 percent of the available credit line.
7. Review Your Credit Report Annually
About 1-in-4 credit reports have errors. Either
a payment on a loan amount has not been recorded correctly
or another billing company has posted incorrect non-payment
information to your account.
Your credit report also maintains records on your employment,
salary, bank accounts, etc., especially the information
that you supplied when making previous credit applications.
You should review your report annually for errors and
make the necessary corrections as instructed by the credit
agency. Credit Reports
>>>
8. Limit Inquiries on Your Credit Report
Every time you apply for credit, seek some
kind on contractual service, or in some cases employment,
a credit inquiry will be made on your report. Multiple
inquiries over a short period of time may have a negative
impact on your credit score. Models show that multiple
inquiries over a period of time indicate an applicant
who is anticipating credit problems. So limit credit inquiries
when only necessary.
What about having multiple lenders compete for your
loan?
Many Internet services and brokers (including lenders
on our site) allow you to submit one form and have
up to four lenders review your credit information.
Credit agencies understand that these services may require
an inquiry by "multiple lenders" at the same
time.
These kind of inquiries, coming from multiple lenders
within 20-30 days of each other, indicate that you are
shopping for the best deal. Credit agencies will count
these inquiries as being only one inquiry. This allows
you to shop and negotiate best deal without being penalized
on your credit report.
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Managing and reducing your
debts
If you find yourself spending more money than you make,
don't rely on your credit card to pay for things that
aren't necessities. If you do, you are only making a
bad situation worse.
Take the time to establish a monthly budget. Differentiate
between the things you "need" and the things you "want."
Start with your fixed expenses or "needs"—like rent,
food, utility bills, phone bills, car loans, and insurance
payments. Then figure in variable "wants" like clothing,
eating out, and entertainment. Subtract your expenses
from your income and you have your starting point. If
the sum is below zero, it's time to reduce your expenses
by cutting out any unnecessary spending on "wants."
In most cases, cutting your expenses is the first step
towards paying off your debts and becoming more financially
independent. To help you move in the right direction,
here are a few tips on how to do this as painlessly
as possible:
- Be careful with your credit card. It's not
free money! Pay on time and pay at least the minimum
due each month (but more is better if you can). Be
aware of finance charges..
- Avoid "impulse purchases". Think about
it: do you really need that magazine, extra-large
pizza with all of the toppings or designer shirt?
Or can you do without? You'll be surprised at how
much you'll easily save by adopting a more disciplined
spending routine.
- Learn to cook. The difference in cost between
a week of eating at restaurants and a week of groceries
will send you running to the supermarket.
- Buy in bulk. You'll always need toothpaste,
toilet paper and cereal, right? You might as well
save some money by buying in bulk.
- Clip coupons, watch for sales and shop at outlets.
Find out where the best prices are and look out for
opportunities to increase your savings. Many grocery
stores now double the coupons you find in the Sunday
newspaper. It may only be 30 cents here or a couple
of bucks there, but over a year, it all adds up. If
you can't cut your addiction to designer labels, try
the outlet stores. Imagine the fun of finding a pair
of $36 designer khaki shorts for $9.09.
- Look for ways to lower education costs. If
you're a college student, check out off-hour courses.
Some colleges set lower rates for evening, weekend
and summer courses. Other schools have innovative
tuition plans. Some schools give tuition discounts
to students who persuade other students to enroll.
Dorm supervisors may get free room and board. Some
schools reward students who maintain a straight four-year
graduation schedule. A little research may result
in substantial savings.
- Keep track of all ATM withdrawals. If you
use an ATM that is not operated by your bank, the
bank that owns the machine may charge a transaction
fee ranging on average from 50 cents to $3.00. If
you only make one withdrawal a month, this may not
be much of a problem. However, several small withdrawals
will add up. Just think: two weekly withdrawals of
$20 with a $2 fee adds up to $208 a year in fees alone!
These are just a few suggestions. A group called the
Consumer Literacy Consortium has a pamphlet titled 66
Ways to Save Money with some more great tips!
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If your credit
application is denied
If you've been denied credit for any reason, you should
receive a written explanation from the financial institution
describing the reasons for your denial. If you were
denied because of information supplied by a credit bureau,
federal law requires the creditor give you the name
of the bureau that supplied the information. You have
60 days to contact the credit bureau if you would like
a free copy of your credit report. If you find an error
in your report, you are entitled to have it investigated
by the credit bureau and corrected at no charge. However,
if negative information on your credit file is accurate,
only time and responsible credit habits can help restore
your credit history.
It's important to note that financial institutions
must make credit equally available to all creditworthy
applicants. Under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act,
you have certain rights that protect you against unfair
credit discrimination. Under this Act, you cannot be
denied credit because of:
- Age (unless you are under 18)
- Sex
- Marital status
- Race
- Religion
- National origin
- Income derived from public assistance
- Intent to have children
- Birth control practices
You can only be turned down for credit based on:
- Your credit history
- A current or former spouse's credit history
- Other financial information
If you suspect discrimination by a bank, savings and
loan or credit union, ask for the name and address of
the federal agency that enforces the Equal Credit Opportunity
Act (depending on the institution, this will be either
the Office
of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Office
of Thrift Supervision or the National
Credit Union Administration). The Equal Credit Opportunity
Act mandates that the creditor must give you this information.
Not every institution can act on your individual case,
but they can track your complaints, along with other
similar ones, in order to find a pattern of discrimination.
If you suspect discrimination by a retail or department
store, finance or mortgage company, utility, state credit
union or government lending program, contact:
Consumer Response Center
Federal Trade Commission
Washington, DC 20580
The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) cannot intervene
in individual disputes. However, the information you
provide can show patterns of discrimination in which
the FTC can act.
You can also direct complaints against all types of
creditors to:
Department of Justice
Civil Rights Division
Washington, DC 20530
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5 reasons
to check your credit:
Ideally, your credit report is an accurate, up-to-date
reflection of your credit history. However, since we don't
live in an ideal world, there are many reasons that your
credit report could contain inaccuracies that might prevent
you from receiving the credit you deserve. The good news
is you can take action to keep your report accurate.
Here are FIVE REASONS why you should review your
credit report regularly:
- Inaccuracies & Mixed Credit Files: Many inaccuracies
on a credit report can be the result of simple human
error, and are therefore are not difficult to dispute.
Whether the inaccuracies relate to payments not credited,
late payments, or data mixed in from the credit file
of someone else with a name similar to yours, you will
want to contact the credit bureau to dispute inaccurate
information promptly.
- Tracking & Payments: One of the most important
elements of credit is a demonstrated history of on time
payments. Once you send the check though, anything can
happen--a delay in the payment being received can kick
you over to a 30-day delinquency. This has a negative
affect on your credit, and creditors don't take it lightly.
If you call your creditor and explain the situation,
they might adjust the info, but you need your credit
report to know whether you have a delinquency or not.
- Identity Theft: This issue alone is reason
to order your credit report immediately. Identity theft
is an insidious crime, involving a thief who assumes
your name to open new accounts, divert your card statements
to another address, and run up all sorts of bad debt
without you ever knowing about it until collectors come
calling. The best way to catch a thief who is using
your name is by getting a copy of your credit report,
which will show you if there are accounts listed you
know you haven't opened. For example, if a thief has
intercepted a pre-approved credit card offer in your
name and sent it in with a change of address, your credit
report will include the account.
- Inquiries: If you're shopping around for a
loan or more credit, you should know when creditors
check your credit, it places an inquiry on your credit
report. Inquiries can add up, which is often interpreted
as negative by creditors. For this reason, too many
inquiries can actually make getting credit more difficult.
Moreover, if you didn't authorize someone to look at
your credit report and they did, they may have broken
the law. Who's been looking at your credit?
- Credit Fraud--Unauthorized Charges: Credit
fraud involves the theft of your credit card or account
number to make unauthorized charges to your account.
Though consumers are protected financially from this
abuse, other creditors may take note of all this activity
and decide to raise your interest rates or refuse to
grant you a loan. Ordering your credit report will help
you catch new activity on accounts that you haven't
been using, or may have closed. When it comes to managing
your credit worthiness, your credit report is your best
resource. Your credit report gives you the opportunity
to manage your credit wisely, while planning your credit
strategy for achieving future goals.
* To receive a free copy of your credit report, go
to our Credit Reports Section
now!
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